feat(strings): add Kasai's algorithm for LCP array construction (#7324)

* feat(strings): add Kasai's algorithm for LCP array

Implement Kasai's algorithm to compute the Longest Common Prefix (LCP) array in O(N) time given a string and its suffix array. Add KasaiAlgorithm.java and KasaiAlgorithmTest.java.

* style(strings): fix KasaiAlgorithmTest array initialization format for clang-format