Added validate sudoku board function (#9881)

* Added algorithm to deeply clone a graph

* Fixed file name and removed a function call

* Removed nested function and fixed class parameter types

* Fixed doctests

* bug fix

* Added class decorator

* Updated doctests and fixed precommit errors

* Cleaned up code

* Simplified doctest

* Added doctests

* Code simplification

* Created function which validates sudoku boards

* Update matrix/validate_sudoku_board.py

* Fixed precommit errors

* Removed file accidentally included

* Improved readability and simplicity

* Add timeit benchmarks

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Update validate_sudoku_board.py

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Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>