Create a Simultaneous Equation Solver Algorithm (#8773)

* Added simultaneous_linear_equation_solver.py

* Removed Augment class, replaced with recursive functions

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* fixed edge cases

* Update settings.json

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Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <[email protected]>