feat: Add automorphic number implementation (#7978)

* feat: Add automorphic number implementation

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

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* refactor: Add type checking for number

* refactor: Rename variable n to number

* test: Add doctest

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

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* test: Add unit  test for number=0

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