Added Germain primes algorithm to the maths folder (#10120)

* Added algorithm for Germain Primes to maths folder

* Fixed test errors Germain primes.

* Formatting Germain primes after pre-commit

* Fixed path to maths

* Update maths/germain_primes.py

Co-authored-by: Tianyi Zheng <[email protected]>

* Update maths/germain_primes.py

Co-authored-by: Tianyi Zheng <[email protected]>

* Added function for safe primes

* Update maths/germain_primes.py

Co-authored-by: Tianyi Zheng <[email protected]>

* Apply suggestions from code review

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Co-authored-by: Megan Payne <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Tianyi Zheng <[email protected]>