fix(ngMock/$httpBackend): correctly ignore query params in {expect,when}Route

Previously, a route definition such as
`$httpBackend.whenRoute('GET', '/route/:id')` matched against a URL with
query params, for example `/route/1?q=foo`, would incorrectly include
the query params in `id`: `{id: '1?q=foo', q: 'foo'}`.

This commit fixes it, so that the extracted `params` will now be:
`{id: '1', q: 'foo'}`.

Fixes #14173

Closes #16589