fix($location): strip off empty hash segments when comparing

Backported from e93710fe0e4fb05ceee59a04f290692a5bec5d20

The url is the same whether or not there is an empty `#` marker at the end.
This prevents unwanted calls to update the browser, since the browser is
automatically applying an empty hash if necessary to prevent page reloads.

Closes #9635
Closes #10748