docs: align README badges with the other Apify Python repos (#853)

Aligns the README badge row with
[apify-sdk-python](https://github.com/apify/apify-sdk-python): adds a CI
build-status badge and swaps the dynamic `pypi/pyversions` badge for a
compact static `python 3.11+`, so the badge set and order match across
the Apify Python repos.