[ET-VK][ops] Add log10 support

Add `aten.log10.default` to the existing Vulkan unary shader family and cover float behavior across buffer and texture storage. Authored with Codex.

Differential Revision: [D114382686](https://our.internmc.facebook.com/intern/diff/D114382686/)


ghstack-source-id: 409188434
Pull-Request: https://github.com/pytorch/executorch/pull/21520