opentelemetry-api: remove env carrier environment snapshot caching (#5366)

* opentelemetry-api: remove env carrier environment snapshot caching

* add chlog entry

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Riccardo Magliocchetti <riccardo.magliocchetti@gmail.com>

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Co-authored-by: Lukas Hering <40302054+herin049@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Leighton Chen <lechen@microsoft.com>
Co-authored-by: Riccardo Magliocchetti <riccardo.magliocchetti@gmail.com>