ci: Add Android 37 emulator to critical UI test matrix (JAVA-647) (#5775)

Add an API level 37 (Android 17) emulator to the critical UI test matrix.
API 37 ships only as a minor-versioned image, so the api-level is "37.0"
(the platform and system image packages are android-37.0, not android-37)
and only as google_apis_ps16k; there is no plain google_apis image.

The runner's preinstalled avdmanager is too old to parse the minor version
and writes target=android-0 into the AVD config, so the emulator clamps to
API 3 and boots misconfigured. Update cmdline-tools before creating the AVD,
and key the AVD cache on the tools version to invalidate broken caches.

Workaround from ReactiveCircus/android-emulator-runner#482.

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>