chore(deps): update JavaScript SDK to v10.52.0 (#6108)

* chore: update scripts/update-javascript.sh to 10.52.0

* fix(core): Exclude Node.js HTTP integration from React Native bundles

The `@sentry/core` 10.52.0 added `integrations/http` which is purely
Node.js server-side code. Metro's CJS resolution bundles it into RN
apps unnecessarily, increasing the binary size.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

* chore(e2e): Bump iOS binary size threshold from 1550 to 1560 KiB

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

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Co-authored-by: GitHub <noreply@github.com>
Co-authored-by: Antonis Lilis <antonis.lilis@sentry.io>
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>