Move Docker test to GitHub Actions

Summary:
The test_docker_android job on Circle CI has a simple function: verify the base community RN Android image can be downloaded, and verify that we can use it to build a container with a compiled Android test app.

Since the job is not strictly running a suite of tests, it can be moved to GitHub Actions. It will run on GitHub Actions as a Check on commits to main and pull requests.

As building the test image requires the use of the base React Native Android image, we can skip downloading the base container and go straight to building the test image.

Changelog: [Internal]

Reviewed By: fkgozali

Differential Revision: D31521978

fbshipit-source-id: ca8372a1464054e37f2da28a3ecfbc8f84db0408