Standalone Gradle plugin: Node.js package resolver (#42823)

Summary:
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/react-native/pull/42823

This is a tiny new Gradle plugin intended to be published to the Gradle Plugin Portal independently of React Native. It's only function is to resolve `node_modules` package roots using a sufficient subset of the Node JS resolution algorithm - e.g, we can use it to find `react-native` itself from a user's project, whatever package manager or workspace setup they're using, in a Gradle-friendly, cacheable manner.

The plugin is both a `Settings` plugin and a `Project` plugin, so that it may be used from both `settings.gradle` (where we need it to resolve `react-native`) and `app/build.gradle` (which currently applies from `cli-platform-android`).

The setup is mostly `gradle init` with a few modifications (eg, Kotlin JVM version) to stay close to the setup for `react-native-gradle-plugin`. I think it's easier to reason about this currently as an entirely separate Gradle project, but we may be able to merge the two and reduce some duplication once it's proven.

Changelog:
[General][Added] - Gradle plugin for resolving node_modules packages.

Reviewed By: cortinico

Differential Revision: D52998256

fbshipit-source-id: 32898e1ba30bccabca11b623f03959a51898afe8