Breaking: Bump minimum Node.js version to v22.11 (prev LTS) (#55038)

Summary:
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/react-native/pull/55038

Bump the minimum to Node.js v22.11, which is the previous LTS now that v24 is in LTS. Drop support for Node v20.

https://nodejs.org/en/blog/release/v22.11.0
https://nodejs.org/en/about/previous-releases

Changelog: [General][Breaking] Bump minimum Node.js version to v22.11

Reviewed By: cortinico, huntie

Differential Revision: D90109056

fbshipit-source-id: 178f29d3131f21fccf956decc9ac94365a2bfe53