Migrate `ShadowNodeRegistry` to Kotlin (#50081)

Summary:
Migrate com.facebook.react.uimanager.ShadowNodeRegistry to Kotlin.

## Changelog:

[INTERNAL] - Migrate com.facebook.react.uimanager.ShadowNodeRegistry to Kotlin

Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/react-native/pull/50081

Test Plan:
```bash
yarn test-android
yarn android
```

Reviewed By: cortinico, rshest

Differential Revision: D71385038

Pulled By: javache

fbshipit-source-id: 155c9d5b60e3e4b4436424577c1868d60dfb4014