Migrate `NativeModuleRegistry` to Kotlin (#51734)

Summary:
Migrate com.facebook.react.bridge.NativeModuleRegistry to Kotlin.

In this diff, `JavaModuleWrapper` and some of its functions/properties had to be made public again as they are exposed by the migrated class – and if the functions are kept internal, there are crashes in legacy arch due to the C++ usages.

## Changelog:

[INTERNAL] - Migrate com.facebook.react.bridge.NativeModuleRegistry to Kotlin

Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/react-native/pull/51734

Test Plan:
```bash
yarn test-android
yarn android
```

Reviewed By: rshest

Differential Revision: D75938404

Pulled By: cortinico

fbshipit-source-id: 088286d4b100d1013cff43b81db39c6aec10f4e1