[compiler] Remove tryRecord, add catch-all error handling, fix remaining throws (#35881)

Remove `tryRecord()` from the compilation pipeline now that all passes
record
errors directly via `env.recordError()` / `env.recordErrors()`. A single
catch-all try/catch in Program.ts provides the safety net for any pass
that
incorrectly throws instead of recording.

Key changes:
- Remove all ~64 `env.tryRecord()` wrappers in Pipeline.ts
- Delete `tryRecord()` method from Environment.ts
- Add `CompileUnexpectedThrow` logger event so thrown errors are
detectable
- Log `CompileUnexpectedThrow` in Program.ts catch-all for non-invariant
throws
- Fail snap tests on `CompileUnexpectedThrow` to surface pass bugs in
dev
- Convert throwTodo/throwDiagnostic calls in HIRBuilder (fbt, this),
  CodegenReactiveFunction (for-in/for-of), and BuildReactiveFunction to
  record errors or use invariants as appropriate
- Remove try/catch from BuildHIR's lower() since inner throws are now
recorded
- CollectOptionalChainDependencies: return null instead of throwing on
  unsupported optional chain patterns (graceful optimization skip)

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[//]: # (BEGIN SAPLING FOOTER)
Stack created with [Sapling](https://sapling-scm.com). Best reviewed
with [ReviewStack](https://reviewstack.dev/facebook/react/pull/35881).
* #35888
* #35884
* #35883
* #35882
* __->__ #35881