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import math
import warnings
from collections.abc import Callable
from dataclasses import dataclass

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch import Tensor

from ... import initialization as init
from ...activations import ACT2FN
from ...backbone_utils import load_backbone
from ...integrations import use_kernel_forward_from_hub
from ...modeling_layers import GradientCheckpointingLayer
from ...modeling_outputs import BaseModelOutput, BaseModelOutputWithCrossAttentions
from ...modeling_utils import ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS, PreTrainedModel
from ...processing_utils import Unpack
from ...pytorch_utils import compile_compatible_method_lru_cache
from ...utils import ModelOutput, TransformersKwargs, auto_docstring, torch_compilable_check
from ...utils.generic import can_return_tuple, merge_with_config_defaults
from ...utils.output_capturing import OutputRecorder, capture_outputs
from .configuration_test_detr import TestDetrConfig


@dataclass
@auto_docstring(
    custom_intro="""
    Base class for outputs of the TEST_DETR decoder. This class adds one attribute to BaseModelOutputWithCrossAttentions,
    namely an optional stack of intermediate decoder activations, i.e. the output of each decoder layer, each of them
    gone through a layernorm. This is useful when training the model with auxiliary decoding losses.
    """
)
class TestDetrDecoderOutput(BaseModelOutputWithCrossAttentions):
    r"""
    cross_attentions (`tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`, *optional*, returned when `output_attentions=True` and `config.add_cross_attention=True` is passed or when `config.output_attentions=True`):
        Tuple of `torch.FloatTensor` (one for each layer) of shape `(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length,
        sequence_length)`. Attentions weights of the decoder's cross-attention layer, after the attention softmax,
        used to compute the weighted average in the cross-attention heads.
    intermediate_hidden_states (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(config.decoder_layers, batch_size, num_queries, hidden_size)`, *optional*, returned when `config.auxiliary_loss=True`):
        Intermediate decoder activations, i.e. the output of each decoder layer, each of them gone through a
        layernorm.
    intermediate_reference_points (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, config.decoder_layers, sequence_length, hidden_size)`):
        Stacked intermediate reference points (reference points of each layer of the decoder).
    """

    intermediate_hidden_states: torch.FloatTensor | None = None

    intermediate_reference_points: torch.FloatTensor | None = None


@dataclass
@auto_docstring(
    custom_intro="""
    Base class for outputs of the Deformable DETR encoder-decoder model.
    """
)
class TestDetrModelOutput(ModelOutput):
    r"""
    init_reference_points (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape  `(batch_size, num_queries, 4)`):
        Initial reference points sent through the Transformer decoder.
    last_hidden_state (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_queries, hidden_size)`):
        Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the decoder of the model.
    intermediate_hidden_states (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, config.decoder_layers, num_queries, hidden_size)`):
        Stacked intermediate hidden states (output of each layer of the decoder).
    intermediate_reference_points (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, config.decoder_layers, num_queries, 4)`):
        Stacked intermediate reference points (reference points of each layer of the decoder).
    enc_outputs_class (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, config.num_labels)`, *optional*, returned when `config.with_box_refine=True` and `config.two_stage=True`):
        Predicted bounding boxes scores where the top `config.two_stage_num_proposals` scoring bounding boxes are
        picked as region proposals in the first stage. Output of bounding box binary classification (i.e.
        foreground and background).
    enc_outputs_coord_logits (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, 4)`, *optional*, returned when `config.with_box_refine=True` and `config.two_stage=True`):
        Logits of predicted bounding boxes coordinates in the first stage.
    """

    init_reference_points: torch.FloatTensor | None = None
    last_hidden_state: torch.FloatTensor | None = None
    intermediate_hidden_states: torch.FloatTensor | None = None
    intermediate_reference_points: torch.FloatTensor | None = None
    decoder_hidden_states: tuple[torch.FloatTensor] | None = None
    decoder_attentions: tuple[torch.FloatTensor] | None = None
    cross_attentions: tuple[torch.FloatTensor] | None = None
    encoder_last_hidden_state: torch.FloatTensor | None = None
    encoder_hidden_states: tuple[torch.FloatTensor] | None = None
    encoder_attentions: tuple[torch.FloatTensor] | None = None
    enc_outputs_class: torch.FloatTensor | None = None
    enc_outputs_coord_logits: torch.FloatTensor | None = None


@use_kernel_forward_from_hub("MultiScaleDeformableAttention")
class MultiScaleDeformableAttention(nn.Module):
    def forward(
        self,
        value: Tensor,
        value_spatial_shapes: Tensor,
        value_spatial_shapes_list: list[tuple],
        level_start_index: Tensor,
        sampling_locations: Tensor,
        attention_weights: Tensor,
        im2col_step: int,
    ):
        batch_size, _, num_heads, hidden_dim = value.shape
        _, num_queries, num_heads, num_levels, num_points, _ = sampling_locations.shape
        value_list = value.split([height * width for height, width in value_spatial_shapes_list], dim=1)
        sampling_grids = 2 * sampling_locations - 1
        sampling_value_list = []
        for level_id, (height, width) in enumerate(value_spatial_shapes_list):
            # batch_size, height*width, num_heads, hidden_dim
            # -> batch_size, height*width, num_heads*hidden_dim
            # -> batch_size, num_heads*hidden_dim, height*width
            # -> batch_size*num_heads, hidden_dim, height, width
            value_l_ = (
                value_list[level_id]
                .flatten(2)
                .transpose(1, 2)
                .reshape(batch_size * num_heads, hidden_dim, height, width)
            )
            # batch_size, num_queries, num_heads, num_points, 2
            # -> batch_size, num_heads, num_queries, num_points, 2
            # -> batch_size*num_heads, num_queries, num_points, 2
            sampling_grid_l_ = sampling_grids[:, :, :, level_id].transpose(1, 2).flatten(0, 1)
            # batch_size*num_heads, hidden_dim, num_queries, num_points
            sampling_value_l_ = nn.functional.grid_sample(
                value_l_,
                sampling_grid_l_,
                mode="bilinear",
                padding_mode="zeros",
                align_corners=False,
            )
            sampling_value_list.append(sampling_value_l_)
        # (batch_size, num_queries, num_heads, num_levels, num_points)
        # -> (batch_size, num_heads, num_queries, num_levels, num_points)
        # -> (batch_size, num_heads, 1, num_queries, num_levels*num_points)
        attention_weights = attention_weights.transpose(1, 2).reshape(
            batch_size * num_heads, 1, num_queries, num_levels * num_points
        )
        output = (
            (torch.stack(sampling_value_list, dim=-2).flatten(-2) * attention_weights)
            .sum(-1)
            .view(batch_size, num_heads * hidden_dim, num_queries)
        )
        return output.transpose(1, 2).contiguous()


class TestDetrFrozenBatchNorm2d(nn.Module):
    """
    BatchNorm2d where the batch statistics and the affine parameters are fixed.

    Copy-paste from torchvision.misc.ops with added eps before rqsrt, without which any other models than
    torchvision.models.resnet[18,34,50,101] produce nans.
    """

    def __init__(self, n):
        super().__init__()
        self.register_buffer("weight", torch.ones(n))
        self.register_buffer("bias", torch.zeros(n))
        self.register_buffer("running_mean", torch.zeros(n))
        self.register_buffer("running_var", torch.ones(n))

    def _load_from_state_dict(
        self, state_dict, prefix, local_metadata, strict, missing_keys, unexpected_keys, error_msgs
    ):
        num_batches_tracked_key = prefix + "num_batches_tracked"
        if num_batches_tracked_key in state_dict:
            del state_dict[num_batches_tracked_key]

        super()._load_from_state_dict(
            state_dict, prefix, local_metadata, strict, missing_keys, unexpected_keys, error_msgs
        )

    def forward(self, x):
        # move reshapes to the beginning
        # to make it user-friendly
        weight = self.weight.reshape(1, -1, 1, 1)
        bias = self.bias.reshape(1, -1, 1, 1)
        running_var = self.running_var.reshape(1, -1, 1, 1)
        running_mean = self.running_mean.reshape(1, -1, 1, 1)
        epsilon = 1e-5
        scale = weight * (running_var + epsilon).rsqrt()
        bias = bias - running_mean * scale
        return x * scale + bias


def replace_batch_norm(model):
    r"""
    Recursively replace all `torch.nn.BatchNorm2d` with `TestDetrFrozenBatchNorm2d`.

    Args:
        model (torch.nn.Module):
            input model
    """
    for name, module in model.named_children():
        if isinstance(module, nn.BatchNorm2d):
            new_module = TestDetrFrozenBatchNorm2d(module.num_features)

            if module.weight.device != torch.device("meta"):
                new_module.weight.copy_(module.weight)
                new_module.bias.copy_(module.bias)
                new_module.running_mean.copy_(module.running_mean)
                new_module.running_var.copy_(module.running_var)

            model._modules[name] = new_module

        if len(list(module.children())) > 0:
            replace_batch_norm(module)


class TestDetrConvEncoder(nn.Module):
    """
    Convolutional backbone, using either the AutoBackbone API or one from the timm library.

    nn.BatchNorm2d layers are replaced by TestDetrFrozenBatchNorm2d as defined above.

    """

    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()

        self.config = config

        backbone = load_backbone(config)
        self.intermediate_channel_sizes = backbone.channels

        # replace batch norm by frozen batch norm
        with torch.no_grad():
            replace_batch_norm(backbone)

        # We used to load with timm library directly instead of the AutoBackbone API
        # so we need to unwrap the `backbone._backbone` module to load weights without mismatch
        is_timm_model = False
        if hasattr(backbone, "_backbone"):
            backbone = backbone._backbone
            is_timm_model = True
        self.model = backbone

        backbone_model_type = config.backbone_config.model_type
        if "resnet" in backbone_model_type:
            for name, parameter in self.model.named_parameters():
                if is_timm_model:
                    if "layer2" not in name and "layer3" not in name and "layer4" not in name:
                        parameter.requires_grad_(False)
                else:
                    if "stage.1" not in name and "stage.2" not in name and "stage.3" not in name:
                        parameter.requires_grad_(False)

    def forward(self, pixel_values: torch.Tensor, pixel_mask: torch.Tensor):
        # send pixel_values through the model to get list of feature maps
        features = self.model(pixel_values)
        if isinstance(features, dict):
            features = features.feature_maps

        out = []
        for feature_map in features:
            # downsample pixel_mask to match shape of corresponding feature_map
            mask = nn.functional.interpolate(pixel_mask[None].float(), size=feature_map.shape[-2:]).to(torch.bool)[0]
            out.append((feature_map, mask))
        return out


class TestDetrSinePositionEmbedding(nn.Module):
    """
    This is a more standard version of the position embedding, very similar to the one used by the Attention is all you
    need paper, generalized to work on images.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        num_position_features: int = 64,
        temperature: int = 10000,
        normalize: bool = False,
        scale: float | None = None,
    ):
        super().__init__()
        if scale is not None and normalize is False:
            raise ValueError("normalize should be True if scale is passed")
        self.num_position_features = num_position_features
        self.temperature = temperature
        self.normalize = normalize
        self.scale = 2 * math.pi if scale is None else scale

    @compile_compatible_method_lru_cache(maxsize=1)
    def forward(
        self,
        shape: torch.Size,
        device: torch.device | str,
        dtype: torch.dtype,
        mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        if mask is None:
            mask = torch.zeros((shape[0], shape[2], shape[3]), device=device, dtype=torch.bool)
        y_embed = mask.cumsum(1, dtype=dtype)
        x_embed = mask.cumsum(2, dtype=dtype)
        if self.normalize:
            eps = 1e-6
            y_embed = (y_embed - 0.5) / (y_embed[:, -1:, :] + eps) * self.scale
            x_embed = (x_embed - 0.5) / (x_embed[:, :, -1:] + eps) * self.scale

        dim_t = torch.arange(self.num_position_features, dtype=torch.int64, device=device).to(dtype)
        dim_t = self.temperature ** (2 * torch.div(dim_t, 2, rounding_mode="floor") / self.num_position_features)

        pos_x = x_embed[:, :, :, None] / dim_t
        pos_y = y_embed[:, :, :, None] / dim_t
        pos_x = torch.stack((pos_x[:, :, :, 0::2].sin(), pos_x[:, :, :, 1::2].cos()), dim=4).flatten(3)
        pos_y = torch.stack((pos_y[:, :, :, 0::2].sin(), pos_y[:, :, :, 1::2].cos()), dim=4).flatten(3)
        pos = torch.cat((pos_y, pos_x), dim=3).permute(0, 3, 1, 2)
        # Flatten spatial dimensions and permute to (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size) format
        # expected by the encoder
        pos = pos.flatten(2).permute(0, 2, 1)
        return pos


class TestDetrLearnedPositionEmbedding(nn.Module):
    """
    This module learns positional embeddings up to a fixed maximum size.
    """

    def __init__(self, embedding_dim=256):
        super().__init__()
        self.row_embeddings = nn.Embedding(50, embedding_dim)
        self.column_embeddings = nn.Embedding(50, embedding_dim)

    @compile_compatible_method_lru_cache(maxsize=1)
    def forward(
        self,
        shape: torch.Size,
        device: torch.device | str,
        dtype: torch.dtype,
        mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    ):
        height, width = shape[-2:]
        width_values = torch.arange(width, device=device)
        height_values = torch.arange(height, device=device)
        x_emb = self.column_embeddings(width_values)
        y_emb = self.row_embeddings(height_values)
        pos = torch.cat([x_emb.unsqueeze(0).repeat(height, 1, 1), y_emb.unsqueeze(1).repeat(1, width, 1)], dim=-1)
        pos = pos.permute(2, 0, 1)
        pos = pos.unsqueeze(0)
        pos = pos.repeat(shape[0], 1, 1, 1)
        # Flatten spatial dimensions and permute to (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size) format
        # expected by the encoder
        pos = pos.flatten(2).permute(0, 2, 1)
        return pos


def eager_attention_forward(
    module: nn.Module,
    query: torch.Tensor,
    key: torch.Tensor,
    value: torch.Tensor,
    attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None,
    scaling: float | None = None,
    dropout: float = 0.0,
    **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
):
    if scaling is None:
        scaling = query.size(-1) ** -0.5

    # Take the dot product between "query" and "key" to get the raw attention scores.
    attn_weights = torch.matmul(query, key.transpose(2, 3)) * scaling

    if attention_mask is not None:
        attn_weights = attn_weights + attention_mask

    attn_weights = nn.functional.softmax(attn_weights, dim=-1)
    attn_weights = nn.functional.dropout(attn_weights, p=dropout, training=module.training)

    attn_output = torch.matmul(attn_weights, value)
    attn_output = attn_output.transpose(1, 2).contiguous()

    return attn_output, attn_weights


class TestDetrSelfAttention(nn.Module):
    """
    Multi-headed self-attention from 'Attention Is All You Need' paper.

    In TEST_DETR, position embeddings are added to both queries and keys (but not values) in self-attention.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        config: TestDetrConfig,
        hidden_size: int,
        num_attention_heads: int,
        dropout: float = 0.0,
        bias: bool = True,
    ):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.head_dim = hidden_size // num_attention_heads
        self.scaling = self.head_dim**-0.5
        self.attention_dropout = dropout
        self.is_causal = False

        self.k_proj = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size, bias=bias)
        self.v_proj = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size, bias=bias)
        self.q_proj = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size, bias=bias)
        self.o_proj = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size, bias=bias)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        position_embeddings: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        """
        Position embeddings are added to both queries and keys (but not values).
        """
        input_shape = hidden_states.shape[:-1]
        hidden_shape = (*input_shape, -1, self.head_dim)

        query_key_input = hidden_states + position_embeddings if position_embeddings is not None else hidden_states

        query_states = self.q_proj(query_key_input).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        key_states = self.k_proj(query_key_input).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        value_states = self.v_proj(hidden_states).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)

        attention_interface: Callable = ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS.get_interface(
            self.config._attn_implementation, eager_attention_forward
        )

        attn_output, attn_weights = attention_interface(
            self,
            query_states,
            key_states,
            value_states,
            attention_mask,
            dropout=0.0 if not self.training else self.attention_dropout,
            scaling=self.scaling,
            **kwargs,
        )

        attn_output = attn_output.reshape(*input_shape, -1).contiguous()
        attn_output = self.o_proj(attn_output)
        return attn_output, attn_weights


class TestDetrMultiscaleDeformableAttention(nn.Module):
    """
    Multiscale deformable attention as proposed in Deformable DETR.
    """

    def __init__(self, config: TestDetrConfig, num_heads: int, n_points: int):
        super().__init__()

        self.attn = MultiScaleDeformableAttention()

        if config.d_model % num_heads != 0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"embed_dim (d_model) must be divisible by num_heads, but got {config.d_model} and {num_heads}"
            )
        dim_per_head = config.d_model // num_heads
        # check if dim_per_head is power of 2
        if not ((dim_per_head & (dim_per_head - 1) == 0) and dim_per_head != 0):
            warnings.warn(
                "You'd better set embed_dim (d_model) in TestDetrMultiscaleDeformableAttention to make the"
                " dimension of each attention head a power of 2 which is more efficient in the authors' CUDA"
                " implementation."
            )

        self.im2col_step = 64

        self.d_model = config.d_model
        self.n_levels = config.num_feature_levels
        self.n_heads = num_heads
        self.n_points = n_points

        self.sampling_offsets = nn.Linear(config.d_model, num_heads * self.n_levels * n_points * 2)
        self.attention_weights = nn.Linear(config.d_model, num_heads * self.n_levels * n_points)
        self.value_proj = nn.Linear(config.d_model, config.d_model)
        self.output_proj = nn.Linear(config.d_model, config.d_model)

        self.disable_custom_kernels = config.disable_custom_kernels

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        encoder_hidden_states=None,
        encoder_attention_mask=None,
        position_embeddings: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        reference_points=None,
        spatial_shapes=None,
        spatial_shapes_list=None,
        level_start_index=None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        # add position embeddings to the hidden states before projecting to queries and keys
        if position_embeddings is not None:
            hidden_states = hidden_states + position_embeddings

        batch_size, num_queries, _ = hidden_states.shape
        batch_size, sequence_length, _ = encoder_hidden_states.shape
        total_elements = sum(height * width for height, width in spatial_shapes_list)
        torch_compilable_check(
            total_elements == sequence_length,
            "Make sure to align the spatial shapes with the sequence length of the encoder hidden states",
        )

        value = self.value_proj(encoder_hidden_states)
        if attention_mask is not None:
            # we invert the attention_mask
            value = value.masked_fill(~attention_mask[..., None], float(0))
        value = value.view(batch_size, sequence_length, self.n_heads, self.d_model // self.n_heads)
        sampling_offsets = self.sampling_offsets(hidden_states).view(
            batch_size, num_queries, self.n_heads, self.n_levels, self.n_points, 2
        )
        attention_weights = self.attention_weights(hidden_states).view(
            batch_size, num_queries, self.n_heads, self.n_levels * self.n_points
        )
        attention_weights = F.softmax(attention_weights, -1).view(
            batch_size, num_queries, self.n_heads, self.n_levels, self.n_points
        )
        # batch_size, num_queries, n_heads, n_levels, n_points, 2
        num_coordinates = reference_points.shape[-1]
        if num_coordinates == 2:
            offset_normalizer = torch.stack([spatial_shapes[..., 1], spatial_shapes[..., 0]], -1)
            sampling_locations = (
                reference_points[:, :, None, :, None, :]
                + sampling_offsets / offset_normalizer[None, None, None, :, None, :]
            )
        elif num_coordinates == 4:
            sampling_locations = (
                reference_points[:, :, None, :, None, :2]
                + sampling_offsets / self.n_points * reference_points[:, :, None, :, None, 2:] * 0.5
            )
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Last dim of reference_points must be 2 or 4, but got {reference_points.shape[-1]}")

        output = self.attn(
            value,
            spatial_shapes,
            spatial_shapes_list,
            level_start_index,
            sampling_locations,
            attention_weights,
            self.im2col_step,
        )

        output = self.output_proj(output)

        return output, attention_weights


class TestDetrMLP(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: TestDetrConfig, hidden_size: int, intermediate_size: int):
        super().__init__()
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(hidden_size, intermediate_size)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(intermediate_size, hidden_size)
        self.activation_fn = ACT2FN[config.activation_function]
        self.activation_dropout = config.activation_dropout
        self.dropout = config.dropout

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        hidden_states = self.activation_fn(self.fc1(hidden_states))
        hidden_states = nn.functional.dropout(hidden_states, p=self.activation_dropout, training=self.training)
        hidden_states = self.fc2(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = nn.functional.dropout(hidden_states, p=self.dropout, training=self.training)
        return hidden_states


class TestDetrEncoderLayer(GradientCheckpointingLayer):
    def __init__(self, config: TestDetrConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.hidden_size = config.d_model
        self.self_attn = TestDetrMultiscaleDeformableAttention(
            config,
            num_heads=config.encoder_attention_heads,
            n_points=config.encoder_n_points,
        )
        self.self_attn_layer_norm = nn.LayerNorm(self.hidden_size)
        self.dropout = config.dropout
        self.mlp = TestDetrMLP(config, self.hidden_size, config.encoder_ffn_dim)
        self.final_layer_norm = nn.LayerNorm(self.hidden_size)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor,
        spatial_position_embeddings: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        reference_points=None,
        spatial_shapes=None,
        spatial_shapes_list=None,
        level_start_index=None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Args:
            hidden_states (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`):
                Input to the layer.
            attention_mask (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length)`):
                Attention mask.
            position_embeddings (`torch.FloatTensor`, *optional*):
                Position embeddings, to be added to `hidden_states`.
            reference_points (`torch.FloatTensor`, *optional*):
                Reference points.
            spatial_shapes (`torch.LongTensor`, *optional*):
                Spatial shapes of the backbone feature maps.
            level_start_index (`torch.LongTensor`, *optional*):
                Level start index.
        """
        residual = hidden_states
        hidden_states, _ = self.self_attn(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            encoder_hidden_states=hidden_states,
            encoder_attention_mask=attention_mask,
            position_embeddings=spatial_position_embeddings,
            reference_points=reference_points,
            spatial_shapes=spatial_shapes,
            spatial_shapes_list=spatial_shapes_list,
            level_start_index=level_start_index,
        )

        hidden_states = nn.functional.dropout(hidden_states, p=self.dropout, training=self.training)
        hidden_states = residual + hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.self_attn_layer_norm(hidden_states)

        residual = hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.mlp(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = residual + hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.final_layer_norm(hidden_states)

        if self.training:
            if not torch.isfinite(hidden_states).all():
                clamp_value = torch.finfo(hidden_states.dtype).max - 1000
                hidden_states = torch.clamp(hidden_states, min=-clamp_value, max=clamp_value)

        return hidden_states


class TestDetrDecoderLayer(GradientCheckpointingLayer):
    def __init__(self, config: TestDetrConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.hidden_size = config.d_model

        self.self_attn = TestDetrSelfAttention(
            config=config,
            hidden_size=self.hidden_size,
            num_attention_heads=config.decoder_attention_heads,
            dropout=config.attention_dropout,
        )
        self.dropout = config.dropout

        self.self_attn_layer_norm = nn.LayerNorm(self.hidden_size)
        self.encoder_attn = TestDetrMultiscaleDeformableAttention(
            config,
            num_heads=config.decoder_attention_heads,
            n_points=config.decoder_n_points,
        )
        self.encoder_attn_layer_norm = nn.LayerNorm(self.hidden_size)
        self.mlp = TestDetrMLP(config, self.hidden_size, config.decoder_ffn_dim)
        self.final_layer_norm = nn.LayerNorm(self.hidden_size)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        object_queries_position_embeddings: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        reference_points=None,
        spatial_shapes=None,
        spatial_shapes_list=None,
        level_start_index=None,
        encoder_hidden_states: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        encoder_attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Args:
            hidden_states (`torch.FloatTensor`):
                Input to the layer of shape `(seq_len, batch, embed_dim)`.
            position_embeddings (`torch.FloatTensor`, *optional*):
                Position embeddings that are added to the queries and keys in the self-attention layer.
            reference_points (`torch.FloatTensor`, *optional*):
                Reference points.
            spatial_shapes (`torch.LongTensor`, *optional*):
                Spatial shapes.
            level_start_index (`torch.LongTensor`, *optional*):
                Level start index.
            encoder_hidden_states (`torch.FloatTensor`):
                cross attention input to the layer of shape `(seq_len, batch, embed_dim)`
            encoder_attention_mask (`torch.FloatTensor`): encoder attention mask of size
                `(batch, 1, target_len, source_len)` where padding elements are indicated by very large negative
                values.
        """
        residual = hidden_states

        # Self Attention
        hidden_states, _ = self.self_attn(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            position_embeddings=object_queries_position_embeddings,
            **kwargs,
        )

        hidden_states = nn.functional.dropout(hidden_states, p=self.dropout, training=self.training)
        hidden_states = residual + hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.self_attn_layer_norm(hidden_states)

        residual = hidden_states

        # Cross-Attention
        hidden_states, _ = self.encoder_attn(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            attention_mask=encoder_attention_mask,
            encoder_hidden_states=encoder_hidden_states,
            encoder_attention_mask=encoder_attention_mask,
            position_embeddings=object_queries_position_embeddings,
            reference_points=reference_points,
            spatial_shapes=spatial_shapes,
            spatial_shapes_list=spatial_shapes_list,
            level_start_index=level_start_index,
        )

        hidden_states = nn.functional.dropout(hidden_states, p=self.dropout, training=self.training)
        hidden_states = residual + hidden_states

        hidden_states = self.encoder_attn_layer_norm(hidden_states)

        # Fully Connected
        residual = hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.mlp(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = residual + hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.final_layer_norm(hidden_states)

        return hidden_states


@auto_docstring
class TestDetrPreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
    config: TestDetrConfig
    base_model_prefix = "model"
    main_input_name = "pixel_values"
    input_modalities = ("image",)
    supports_gradient_checkpointing = True
    _no_split_modules = [
        r"TestDetrConvEncoder",
        r"TestDetrEncoderLayer",
        r"TestDetrDecoderLayer",
    ]
    _supports_sdpa = True
    _supports_flash_attn = True
    _supports_attention_backend = True
    _supports_flex_attn = True
    _keys_to_ignore_on_load_unexpected = [
        r"detr\.model\.backbone\.model\.layer\d+\.0\.downsample\.1\.num_batches_tracked"
    ]

    @torch.no_grad()
    def _init_weights(self, module):
        std = self.config.init_std

        if isinstance(module, TestDetrLearnedPositionEmbedding):
            init.uniform_(module.row_embeddings.weight)
            init.uniform_(module.column_embeddings.weight)
        elif isinstance(module, TestDetrMultiscaleDeformableAttention):
            init.constant_(module.sampling_offsets.weight, 0.0)
            default_dtype = torch.get_default_dtype()
            thetas = torch.arange(module.n_heads, dtype=torch.int64).to(default_dtype) * (
                2.0 * math.pi / module.n_heads
            )
            grid_init = torch.stack([thetas.cos(), thetas.sin()], -1)
            grid_init = (
                (grid_init / grid_init.abs().max(-1, keepdim=True)[0])
                .view(module.n_heads, 1, 1, 2)
                .repeat(1, module.n_levels, module.n_points, 1)
            )
            for i in range(module.n_points):
                grid_init[:, :, i, :] *= i + 1

            init.copy_(module.sampling_offsets.bias, grid_init.view(-1))
            init.constant_(module.attention_weights.weight, 0.0)
            init.constant_(module.attention_weights.bias, 0.0)
            init.xavier_uniform_(module.value_proj.weight)
            init.constant_(module.value_proj.bias, 0.0)
            init.xavier_uniform_(module.output_proj.weight)
            init.constant_(module.output_proj.bias, 0.0)
        elif isinstance(module, (nn.Linear, nn.Conv2d)):
            init.normal_(module.weight, mean=0.0, std=std)
            if module.bias is not None:
                init.zeros_(module.bias)
        elif isinstance(module, nn.Embedding):
            init.normal_(module.weight, mean=0.0, std=std)
            # Here we need the check explicitly, as we slice the weight in the `zeros_` call, so it looses the flag
            if module.padding_idx is not None and not getattr(module.weight, "_is_hf_initialized", False):
                init.zeros_(module.weight[module.padding_idx])
        if hasattr(module, "reference_points") and not self.config.two_stage:
            init.xavier_uniform_(module.reference_points.weight, gain=1.0)
            init.constant_(module.reference_points.bias, 0.0)
        if hasattr(module, "level_embed"):
            init.normal_(module.level_embed)


class TestDetrEncoder(TestDetrPreTrainedModel):
    """
    Transformer encoder consisting of *config.encoder_layers* deformable attention layers. Each layer is a
    [`TestDetrEncoderLayer`].

    The encoder updates the flattened multi-scale feature maps through multiple deformable attention layers.

    Args:
        config: TestDetrConfig
    """

    _can_record_outputs = {
        "hidden_states": TestDetrEncoderLayer,
        "attentions": OutputRecorder(TestDetrMultiscaleDeformableAttention, layer_name="self_attn", index=1),
    }

    def __init__(self, config: TestDetrConfig):
        super().__init__(config)

        self.dropout = config.dropout
        self.layers = nn.ModuleList([TestDetrEncoderLayer(config) for _ in range(config.encoder_layers)])

        # Initialize weights and apply final processing
        self.post_init()

    @merge_with_config_defaults
    @capture_outputs
    def forward(
        self,
        inputs_embeds=None,
        attention_mask=None,
        spatial_position_embeddings=None,
        spatial_shapes=None,
        spatial_shapes_list=None,
        level_start_index=None,
        valid_ratios=None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> BaseModelOutput:
        r"""
        Args:
            inputs_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`):
                Flattened feature map (output of the backbone + projection layer) that is passed to the encoder.
            attention_mask (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length)`, *optional*):
                Mask to avoid performing attention on padding pixel features. Mask values selected in `[0, 1]`:
                - 1 for pixel features that are real (i.e. **not masked**),
                - 0 for pixel features that are padding (i.e. **masked**).
                [What are attention masks?](../glossary#attention-mask)
            spatial_position_embeddings (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`):
                Spatial position embeddings (2D positional encodings) that are added to the queries and keys in each self-attention layer.
            spatial_shapes (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_feature_levels, 2)`):
                Spatial shapes of each feature map.
            level_start_index (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_feature_levels)`):
                Starting index of each feature map.
            valid_ratios (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_feature_levels, 2)`):
                Ratio of valid area in each feature level.
        """
        hidden_states = inputs_embeds
        hidden_states = nn.functional.dropout(hidden_states, p=self.dropout, training=self.training)

        spatial_shapes_tuple = tuple(spatial_shapes_list)
        reference_points = self.get_reference_points(spatial_shapes_tuple, valid_ratios, device=inputs_embeds.device)

        for encoder_layer in self.layers:
            hidden_states = encoder_layer(
                hidden_states,
                attention_mask,
                spatial_position_embeddings=spatial_position_embeddings,
                reference_points=reference_points,
                spatial_shapes=spatial_shapes,
                spatial_shapes_list=spatial_shapes_list,
                level_start_index=level_start_index,
                **kwargs,
            )

        return BaseModelOutput(last_hidden_state=hidden_states)

    @staticmethod
    def get_reference_points(spatial_shapes_list, valid_ratios, device):
        """
        Get reference points for each feature map. Used in decoder.

        Args:
            spatial_shapes_list (`list[tuple[int, int]]`):
                Spatial shapes of each feature map.
            valid_ratios (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_feature_levels, 2)`):
                Valid ratios of each feature map.
            device (`torch.device`):
                Device on which to create the tensors.
        Returns:
            `torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_queries, num_feature_levels, 2)`
        """
        reference_points_list = []
        for level, (height, width) in enumerate(spatial_shapes_list):
            ref_y, ref_x = torch.meshgrid(
                torch.linspace(0.5, height - 0.5, height, dtype=valid_ratios.dtype, device=device),
                torch.linspace(0.5, width - 0.5, width, dtype=valid_ratios.dtype, device=device),
                indexing="ij",
            )
            # TODO: valid_ratios could be useless here. check https://github.com/fundamentalvision/Deformable-DETR/issues/36
            ref_y = ref_y.reshape(-1)[None] / (valid_ratios[:, None, level, 1] * height)
            ref_x = ref_x.reshape(-1)[None] / (valid_ratios[:, None, level, 0] * width)
            ref = torch.stack((ref_x, ref_y), -1)
            reference_points_list.append(ref)
        reference_points = torch.cat(reference_points_list, 1)
        reference_points = reference_points[:, :, None] * valid_ratios[:, None]
        return reference_points


def inverse_sigmoid(x, eps=1e-5):
    x = x.clamp(min=0, max=1)
    x1 = x.clamp(min=eps)
    x2 = (1 - x).clamp(min=eps)
    return torch.log(x1 / x2)


class TestDetrDecoder(TestDetrPreTrainedModel):
    """
    Transformer decoder consisting of *config.decoder_layers* layers. Each layer is a [`TestDetrDecoderLayer`].

    The decoder updates the query embeddings through multiple self-attention and cross-attention layers.

    Some tweaks for Deformable DETR:

    - `position_embeddings`, `reference_points`, `spatial_shapes` and `valid_ratios` are added to the forward pass.
    - it also returns a stack of intermediate outputs and reference points from all decoding layers.

    Args:
        config: TestDetrConfig
    """

    _can_record_outputs = {
        "hidden_states": TestDetrDecoderLayer,
        "attentions": OutputRecorder(TestDetrSelfAttention, layer_name="self_attn", index=1),
        "cross_attentions": OutputRecorder(TestDetrMultiscaleDeformableAttention, layer_name="encoder_attn", index=1),
    }

    def __init__(self, config: TestDetrConfig):
        super().__init__(config)

        self.dropout = config.dropout
        self.layers = nn.ModuleList([TestDetrDecoderLayer(config) for _ in range(config.decoder_layers)])

        # hack implementation for iterative bounding box refinement and two-stage Deformable DETR
        self.bbox_embed = None
        self.class_embed = None

        # Initialize weights and apply final processing
        self.post_init()

    @merge_with_config_defaults
    @capture_outputs
    def forward(
        self,
        inputs_embeds=None,
        encoder_hidden_states=None,
        encoder_attention_mask=None,
        object_queries_position_embeddings=None,
        reference_points=None,
        spatial_shapes=None,
        spatial_shapes_list=None,
        level_start_index=None,
        valid_ratios=None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ):
        r"""
        Args:
            inputs_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_queries, hidden_size)`):
                The query embeddings that are passed into the decoder.
            encoder_hidden_states (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`, *optional*):
                Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the encoder. Used in the cross-attention
                of the decoder.
            encoder_attention_mask (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length)`, *optional*):
                Mask to avoid performing cross-attention on padding pixel_values of the encoder. Mask values selected
                in `[0, 1]`:
                - 1 for pixels that are real (i.e. **not masked**),
                - 0 for pixels that are padding (i.e. **masked**).
            object_queries_position_embeddings (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_queries, hidden_size)`, *optional*):
                Position embeddings for the object query slots that are added to the queries and keys in each self-attention layer.
            reference_points (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_queries, 4)` is `as_two_stage` else `(batch_size, num_queries, 2)` or , *optional*):
                Reference point in range `[0, 1]`, top-left (0,0), bottom-right (1, 1), including padding area.
            spatial_shapes (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(num_feature_levels, 2)`):
                Spatial shapes of the feature maps.
            level_start_index (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_feature_levels)`, *optional*):
                Indexes for the start of each feature level. In range `[0, sequence_length]`.
            valid_ratios (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_feature_levels, 2)`, *optional*):
                Ratio of valid area in each feature level.

        """
        if inputs_embeds is not None:
            hidden_states = inputs_embeds

        # decoder layers
        intermediate = ()
        intermediate_reference_points = ()

        for idx, decoder_layer in enumerate(self.layers):
            num_coordinates = reference_points.shape[-1]
            if num_coordinates == 4:
                reference_points_input = (
                    reference_points[:, :, None] * torch.cat([valid_ratios, valid_ratios], -1)[:, None]
                )
            elif reference_points.shape[-1] == 2:
                reference_points_input = reference_points[:, :, None] * valid_ratios[:, None]
            else:
                raise ValueError("Reference points' last dimension must be of size 2")

            hidden_states = decoder_layer(
                hidden_states,
                object_queries_position_embeddings,
                reference_points_input,
                spatial_shapes,
                spatial_shapes_list,
                level_start_index,
                encoder_hidden_states,  # as a positional argument for gradient checkpointing
                encoder_attention_mask,
                **kwargs,
            )

            # hack implementation for iterative bounding box refinement
            if self.bbox_embed is not None:
                tmp = self.bbox_embed[idx](hidden_states)
                num_coordinates = reference_points.shape[-1]
                if num_coordinates == 4:
                    new_reference_points = tmp + inverse_sigmoid(reference_points)
                    new_reference_points = new_reference_points.sigmoid()
                elif num_coordinates == 2:
                    new_reference_points = tmp
                    new_reference_points[..., :2] = tmp[..., :2] + inverse_sigmoid(reference_points)
                    new_reference_points = new_reference_points.sigmoid()
                else:
                    raise ValueError(
                        f"Last dim of reference_points must be 2 or 4, but got {reference_points.shape[-1]}"
                    )
                reference_points = new_reference_points.detach()

            intermediate += (hidden_states,)
            intermediate_reference_points += (reference_points,)

        # Keep batch_size as first dimension
        intermediate = torch.stack(intermediate, dim=1)
        intermediate_reference_points = torch.stack(intermediate_reference_points, dim=1)

        return TestDetrDecoderOutput(
            last_hidden_state=hidden_states,
            intermediate_hidden_states=intermediate,
            intermediate_reference_points=intermediate_reference_points,
        )


@auto_docstring(
    custom_intro="""
    The bare Deformable DETR Model (consisting of a backbone and encoder-decoder Transformer) outputting raw
    hidden-states without any specific head on top.
    """
)
class TestDetrModel(TestDetrPreTrainedModel):
    def __init__(self, config: TestDetrConfig):
        super().__init__(config)

        # Create backbone
        self.backbone = TestDetrConvEncoder(config)

        # Create positional encoding
        if config.position_embedding_type == "sine":
            self.position_embedding = TestDetrSinePositionEmbedding(config.d_model // 2, normalize=True)
        elif config.position_embedding_type == "learned":
            self.position_embedding = TestDetrLearnedPositionEmbedding(config.d_model // 2)
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Not supported {config.position_embedding_type}")

        # Create input projection layers
        if config.num_feature_levels > 1:
            num_backbone_outs = len(self.backbone.intermediate_channel_sizes)
            input_proj_list = []
            for _ in range(num_backbone_outs):
                in_channels = self.backbone.intermediate_channel_sizes[_]
                input_proj_list.append(
                    nn.Sequential(
                        nn.Conv2d(in_channels, config.d_model, kernel_size=1),
                        nn.GroupNorm(32, config.d_model),
                    )
                )
            for _ in range(config.num_feature_levels - num_backbone_outs):
                input_proj_list.append(
                    nn.Sequential(
                        nn.Conv2d(
                            in_channels,
                            config.d_model,
                            kernel_size=3,
                            stride=2,
                            padding=1,
                        ),
                        nn.GroupNorm(32, config.d_model),
                    )
                )
                in_channels = config.d_model
            self.input_proj = nn.ModuleList(input_proj_list)
        else:
            self.input_proj = nn.ModuleList(
                [
                    nn.Sequential(
                        nn.Conv2d(
                            self.backbone.intermediate_channel_sizes[-1],
                            config.d_model,
                            kernel_size=1,
                        ),
                        nn.GroupNorm(32, config.d_model),
                    )
                ]
            )

        if not config.two_stage:
            self.query_position_embeddings = nn.Embedding(config.num_queries, config.d_model * 2)

        self.encoder = TestDetrEncoder(config)
        self.decoder = TestDetrDecoder(config)

        self.level_embed = nn.Parameter(torch.Tensor(config.num_feature_levels, config.d_model))

        if config.two_stage:
            self.enc_output = nn.Linear(config.d_model, config.d_model)
            self.enc_output_norm = nn.LayerNorm(config.d_model)
            self.pos_trans = nn.Linear(config.d_model * 2, config.d_model * 2)
            self.pos_trans_norm = nn.LayerNorm(config.d_model * 2)
        else:
            self.reference_points = nn.Linear(config.d_model, 2)

        self.post_init()

    def freeze_backbone(self):
        for name, param in self.backbone.model.named_parameters():
            param.requires_grad_(False)

    def unfreeze_backbone(self):
        for name, param in self.backbone.model.named_parameters():
            param.requires_grad_(True)

    def get_valid_ratio(self, mask, dtype=torch.float32):
        """Get the valid ratio of all feature maps."""

        _, height, width = mask.shape
        valid_height = torch.sum(mask[:, :, 0], 1)
        valid_width = torch.sum(mask[:, 0, :], 1)
        valid_ratio_height = valid_height.to(dtype) / height
        valid_ratio_width = valid_width.to(dtype) / width
        valid_ratio = torch.stack([valid_ratio_width, valid_ratio_height], -1)
        return valid_ratio

    def get_proposal_pos_embed(self, proposals):
        """Get the position embedding of the proposals."""

        num_pos_feats = self.config.d_model // 2
        temperature = 10000
        scale = 2 * math.pi

        # Compute position embeddings in float32 to avoid overflow with large temperature values in fp16
        proposals_dtype = proposals.dtype
        dim_t = torch.arange(num_pos_feats, dtype=torch.float32, device=proposals.device)
        dim_t = temperature ** (2 * torch.div(dim_t, 2, rounding_mode="floor") / num_pos_feats)
        # batch_size, num_queries, 4
        proposals = proposals.sigmoid().to(torch.float32) * scale
        # batch_size, num_queries, 4, 128
        pos = proposals[:, :, :, None] / dim_t
        # batch_size, num_queries, 4, 64, 2 -> batch_size, num_queries, 512
        pos = torch.stack((pos[:, :, :, 0::2].sin(), pos[:, :, :, 1::2].cos()), dim=4).flatten(2)
        # Convert back to target dtype after all computations are done
        return pos.to(proposals_dtype)

    def gen_encoder_output_proposals(self, enc_output, padding_mask, spatial_shapes):
        """Generate the encoder output proposals from encoded enc_output.

        Args:
            enc_output (Tensor[batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size]): Output of the encoder.
            padding_mask (Tensor[batch_size, sequence_length]): Padding mask for `enc_output`.
            spatial_shapes (list[tuple[int, int]]): Spatial shapes of the feature maps.

        Returns:
            `tuple(torch.FloatTensor)`: A tuple of feature map and bbox prediction.
                - object_query (Tensor[batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size]): Object query features. Later used to
                  directly predict a bounding box. (without the need of a decoder)
                - output_proposals (Tensor[batch_size, sequence_length, 4]): Normalized proposals, after an inverse
                  sigmoid.
        """
        batch_size = enc_output.shape[0]
        proposals = []
        _cur = 0
        for level, (height, width) in enumerate(spatial_shapes):
            mask_flatten_ = padding_mask[:, _cur : (_cur + height * width)].view(batch_size, height, width, 1)
            valid_height = torch.sum(~mask_flatten_[:, :, 0, 0], 1)
            valid_width = torch.sum(~mask_flatten_[:, 0, :, 0], 1)

            grid_y, grid_x = torch.meshgrid(
                torch.linspace(
                    0,
                    height - 1,
                    height,
                    dtype=enc_output.dtype,
                    device=enc_output.device,
                ),
                torch.linspace(
                    0,
                    width - 1,
                    width,
                    dtype=enc_output.dtype,
                    device=enc_output.device,
                ),
                indexing="ij",
            )
            grid = torch.cat([grid_x.unsqueeze(-1), grid_y.unsqueeze(-1)], -1)

            scale = torch.cat([valid_width.unsqueeze(-1), valid_height.unsqueeze(-1)], 1).view(batch_size, 1, 1, 2)
            grid = (grid.unsqueeze(0).expand(batch_size, -1, -1, -1) + 0.5) / scale
            width_height = torch.ones_like(grid) * 0.05 * (2.0**level)
            proposal = torch.cat((grid, width_height), -1).view(batch_size, -1, 4)
            proposals.append(proposal)
            _cur += height * width
        output_proposals = torch.cat(proposals, 1)
        output_proposals_valid = ((output_proposals > 0.01) & (output_proposals < 0.99)).all(-1, keepdim=True)
        output_proposals = torch.log(output_proposals / (1 - output_proposals))  # inverse sigmoid
        output_proposals = output_proposals.masked_fill(padding_mask.unsqueeze(-1), float("inf"))
        output_proposals = output_proposals.masked_fill(~output_proposals_valid, float("inf"))

        # assign each pixel as an object query
        object_query = enc_output
        object_query = object_query.masked_fill(padding_mask.unsqueeze(-1), float(0))
        object_query = object_query.masked_fill(~output_proposals_valid, float(0))
        object_query = self.enc_output_norm(self.enc_output(object_query))
        return object_query, output_proposals

    @auto_docstring
    @can_return_tuple
    def forward(
        self,
        pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor,
        pixel_mask: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        decoder_attention_mask: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        encoder_outputs: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        inputs_embeds: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        decoder_inputs_embeds: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple[torch.FloatTensor] | TestDetrModelOutput:
        r"""
        decoder_attention_mask (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_queries)`, *optional*):
            Not used by default. Can be used to mask object queries.
        inputs_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)`, *optional*):
            Optionally, instead of passing the flattened feature map (output of the backbone + projection layer), you
            can choose to directly pass a flattened representation of an image.
        decoder_inputs_embeds (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_queries, hidden_size)`, *optional*):
            Optionally, instead of initializing the queries with a tensor of zeros, you can choose to directly pass an
            embedded representation.

        Examples:

        ```python
        >>> from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, TestDetrModel
        >>> from PIL import Image
        >>> import requests

        >>> url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg"
        >>> image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)

        >>> image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("SenseTime/deformable-detr")
        >>> model = TestDetrModel.from_pretrained("SenseTime/deformable-detr")

        >>> inputs = image_processor(images=image, return_tensors="pt")

        >>> outputs = model(**inputs)

        >>> last_hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_state
        >>> list(last_hidden_states.shape)
        [1, 300, 256]
        ```"""
        batch_size, num_channels, height, width = pixel_values.shape
        device = pixel_values.device

        if pixel_mask is None:
            pixel_mask = torch.ones(((batch_size, height, width)), dtype=torch.long, device=device)

        # Extract multi-scale feature maps of same resolution `config.d_model` (cf Figure 4 in paper)
        # First, sent pixel_values + pixel_mask through Backbone to obtain the features
        # which is a list of tuples
        features = self.backbone(pixel_values, pixel_mask)

        # Then, apply 1x1 convolution to reduce the channel dimension to d_model (256 by default)
        sources = []
        masks = []
        position_embeddings_list = []
        for level, (source, mask) in enumerate(features):
            sources.append(self.input_proj[level](source))
            masks.append(mask)
            if mask is None:
                raise ValueError("No attention mask was provided")
            # Generate position embeddings for this feature level
            pos = self.position_embedding(shape=source.shape, device=device, dtype=pixel_values.dtype, mask=mask).to(
                source.dtype
            )
            position_embeddings_list.append(pos)

        # Lowest resolution feature maps are obtained via 3x3 stride 2 convolutions on the final stage
        if self.config.num_feature_levels > len(sources):
            _len_sources = len(sources)
            for level in range(_len_sources, self.config.num_feature_levels):
                if level == _len_sources:
                    source = self.input_proj[level](features[-1][0])
                else:
                    source = self.input_proj[level](sources[-1])
                mask = nn.functional.interpolate(pixel_mask[None].to(pixel_values.dtype), size=source.shape[-2:]).to(
                    torch.bool
                )[0]
                pos_l = self.position_embedding(
                    shape=source.shape, device=device, dtype=pixel_values.dtype, mask=mask
                ).to(source.dtype)
                sources.append(source)
                masks.append(mask)
                position_embeddings_list.append(pos_l)

        # Create queries
        query_embeds = None
        if not self.config.two_stage:
            query_embeds = self.query_position_embeddings.weight

        # Prepare encoder inputs (by flattening)
        source_flatten = []
        mask_flatten = []
        lvl_pos_embed_flatten = []
        spatial_shapes_list = []
        for level, (source, mask, pos_embed) in enumerate(zip(sources, masks, position_embeddings_list)):
            batch_size, num_channels, height, width = source.shape
            spatial_shape = (height, width)
            spatial_shapes_list.append(spatial_shape)
            source = source.flatten(2).transpose(1, 2)
            mask = mask.flatten(1)
            lvl_pos_embed = pos_embed + self.level_embed[level].view(1, 1, -1)
            lvl_pos_embed_flatten.append(lvl_pos_embed)
            source_flatten.append(source)
            mask_flatten.append(mask)
        source_flatten = torch.cat(source_flatten, 1)
        mask_flatten = torch.cat(mask_flatten, 1)
        lvl_pos_embed_flatten = torch.cat(lvl_pos_embed_flatten, 1)
        spatial_shapes = torch.as_tensor(spatial_shapes_list, dtype=torch.long, device=source_flatten.device)
        level_start_index = torch.cat((spatial_shapes.new_zeros((1,)), spatial_shapes.prod(1).cumsum(0)[:-1]))
        valid_ratios = torch.stack([self.get_valid_ratio(m, dtype=source_flatten.dtype) for m in masks], 1)

        # Fourth, sent source_flatten + mask_flatten + lvl_pos_embed_flatten (backbone + proj layer output) through encoder
        # Also provide spatial_shapes, level_start_index and valid_ratios
        if encoder_outputs is None:
            encoder_outputs = self.encoder(
                inputs_embeds=source_flatten,
                attention_mask=mask_flatten,
                spatial_position_embeddings=lvl_pos_embed_flatten,
                spatial_shapes=spatial_shapes,
                spatial_shapes_list=spatial_shapes_list,
                level_start_index=level_start_index,
                valid_ratios=valid_ratios,
                **kwargs,
            )

        # Fifth, prepare decoder inputs
        batch_size, _, num_channels = encoder_outputs[0].shape
        enc_outputs_class = None
        enc_outputs_coord_logits = None
        if self.config.two_stage:
            object_query_embedding, output_proposals = self.gen_encoder_output_proposals(
                encoder_outputs[0], ~mask_flatten, spatial_shapes_list
            )

            # hack implementation for two-stage Deformable DETR
            # apply a detection head to each pixel (A.4 in paper)
            # linear projection for bounding box binary classification (i.e. foreground and background)
            enc_outputs_class = self.decoder.class_embed[-1](object_query_embedding)
            # 3-layer FFN to predict bounding boxes coordinates (bbox regression branch)
            delta_bbox = self.decoder.bbox_embed[-1](object_query_embedding)
            enc_outputs_coord_logits = delta_bbox + output_proposals

            # only keep top scoring `config.two_stage_num_proposals` proposals
            topk = self.config.two_stage_num_proposals
            topk_proposals = torch.topk(enc_outputs_class[..., 0], topk, dim=1)[1]
            topk_coords_logits = torch.gather(
                enc_outputs_coord_logits,
                1,
                topk_proposals.unsqueeze(-1).repeat(1, 1, 4),
            )

            topk_coords_logits = topk_coords_logits.detach()
            reference_points = topk_coords_logits.sigmoid()
            init_reference_points = reference_points
            pos_trans_out = self.pos_trans_norm(self.pos_trans(self.get_proposal_pos_embed(topk_coords_logits)))
            query_embed, target = torch.split(pos_trans_out, num_channels, dim=2)
        else:
            query_embed, target = torch.split(query_embeds, num_channels, dim=1)
            query_embed = query_embed.unsqueeze(0).expand(batch_size, -1, -1)
            target = target.unsqueeze(0).expand(batch_size, -1, -1)
            reference_points = self.reference_points(query_embed).sigmoid()
            init_reference_points = reference_points

        decoder_outputs = self.decoder(
            inputs_embeds=target,
            object_queries_position_embeddings=query_embed,
            encoder_hidden_states=encoder_outputs[0],
            encoder_attention_mask=mask_flatten,
            reference_points=reference_points,
            spatial_shapes=spatial_shapes,
            spatial_shapes_list=spatial_shapes_list,
            level_start_index=level_start_index,
            valid_ratios=valid_ratios,
            **kwargs,
        )

        return TestDetrModelOutput(
            init_reference_points=init_reference_points,
            last_hidden_state=decoder_outputs.last_hidden_state,
            intermediate_hidden_states=decoder_outputs.intermediate_hidden_states,
            intermediate_reference_points=decoder_outputs.intermediate_reference_points,
            decoder_hidden_states=decoder_outputs.hidden_states,
            decoder_attentions=decoder_outputs.attentions,
            cross_attentions=decoder_outputs.cross_attentions,
            encoder_last_hidden_state=encoder_outputs.last_hidden_state,
            encoder_hidden_states=encoder_outputs.hidden_states,
            encoder_attentions=encoder_outputs.attentions,
            enc_outputs_class=enc_outputs_class,
            enc_outputs_coord_logits=enc_outputs_coord_logits,
        )