fix(angular): do not create duplicate menuController instances (#28343)

Issue number: resolves #28337

---------

<!-- Please do not submit updates to dependencies unless it fixes an
issue. -->

<!-- Please try to limit your pull request to one type (bugfix, feature,
etc). Submit multiple pull requests if needed. -->

## What is the current behavior?
<!-- Please describe the current behavior that you are modifying. -->

Duplicate instances of `menuController` are being created in
`@ionic/angular`. `ion-menu` registers itself in the `menuController`
from `@ionic/core`, but the `MenuController` from `@ionic/angular` uses
the `menuController` from `@ionic/core/components`. This is how the
overlay providers work too. Normally, this is not a problem. However,
`menuController` caches references to registered menus in each
controller instances:
https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/blob/dcbf45101f4c0dc3541cd4c19186daa3766a6ce7/core/src/utils/menu-controller/index.ts#L14

This means that since there are two different controllers,
`menuController` B does not know about the menus in `menuController` A.
The end result is that the menu controller used in developer
applications did not have references to the registered menus, which gave
the impression that the menu controller did not work.

## What is the new behavior?
<!-- Please describe the behavior or changes that are being added by
this PR. -->

- Updated the architecture of `MenuController` in Ionic Angular to
accept a `menuController` instance. This allows `@ionic/angular` to pass
the `menuController` from `@ionic/core` and for
`@ionic/angular/standalone` to pass the `menuController` from
`@ionic/core/components`.

Note: Overlay controllers don't **need** this change per-se since they
don't cache references to overlays internally (they just query the DOM).
However, I think it would be good to have a consistent architecture
here, so I'll put up a separate PR that makes this change for overlays
too.

## Does this introduce a breaking change?

- [ ] Yes
- [x] No

<!-- If this introduces a breaking change, please describe the impact
and migration path for existing applications below. -->


## Other information

Dev build: `7.5.1-dev.11697123035.1ee6b4a2`

<!-- Any other information that is important to this PR such as
screenshots of how the component looks before and after the change. -->