Don't extract errors in CI (#15758)

Removes `--extract-errors` argument from CI build script command.
Instead, the author is expected to run `yarn extract-errors` locally
or manually edit the error code map.

The lint rule should be sufficient to catch unminified errors, but
as an extra precaution, I added a post-build step that greps the
production bundles. The post-build step works even if someone disables
the lint rule for a specific line or file.