Speed up our sanitized tests to avoid timeouts

- Switch our MSAN tests to use Memory instead of MemoryWithOrigins
- Enable minimal (-O1) optimizations for all sanitized builds

The new optimization shook loose some ODR issues we've hit before due to the cyclic dependency of cc_proto_library.  This will fix itself once we finish taking over the rule, and shouldn't affect users.  It can be worked around by forcing static linkage in sanitized builds.

#test-continuous

PiperOrigin-RevId: 720686491