[3.13] gh-127870: Detect recursive calls in ctypes _as_parameter_ handling (GH-127872) (#127917)

gh-127870: Detect recursive calls in ctypes _as_parameter_ handling (GH-127872)
(cherry picked from commit 6ff38fc4e2af8e795dc791be6ea596d2146d4119)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>