[3.12] gh-109833: Fix asyncio test_wait_for() (GH-109834) (#109837)

gh-109833: Fix asyncio test_wait_for() (GH-109834)

Expect the test to be "short" but don't measure the exact performance
of the CI. SHORT_TIMEOUT is about 30 seconds whereas the cancelled
coroutine takes around 1 hour.
(cherry picked from commit f29bc9c9a0a6794c6b8a9e84a7ba9237b427a10a)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>