gh-104745: Limit starting a patcher more than once without stopping it (#126649)

Previously, this would cause an `AttributeError` if the patch stopped more than once after this, and would also disrupt the original patched object.

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Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>