pathlib ABCs: tighten up `resolve()` and `absolute()` (#126611)

In `PathBase.resolve()`, raise `UnsupportedOperation` if a non-POSIX path
parser is used (our implementation uses `posixpath._realpath()`, which
produces incorrect results for non-POSIX path flavours.) Also tweak code to
call `self.absolute()` upfront rather than supplying an emulated `getcwd()`
function.

Adjust `PathBase.absolute()` to work somewhat like `resolve()`. If a POSIX
path parser is used, we treat the root directory as the current directory.
This is the simplest useful behaviour for concrete path types without a
current directory cursor.