bpo-44322: Document more SyntaxError details. (GH-26562)

1. SyntaxError args have a tuple of other attributes.
2. Attributes are adjusted for errors in f-string field expressions.
3. Compile() can raise SyntaxErrors.
(cherry picked from commit 67dfa6f2a508c325715625fe442f2ce20270a8b3)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>