[3.12] gh-104690: thread_run() checks for tstate dangling pointer (#109056) (#109133)

gh-104690: thread_run() checks for tstate dangling pointer (#109056)

thread_run() of _threadmodule.c now calls
_PyThreadState_CheckConsistency() to check if tstate is a dangling
pointer when Python is built in debug mode.

Rename ceval_gil.c is_tstate_valid() to
_PyThreadState_CheckConsistency() to reuse it in _threadmodule.c.

(cherry picked from commit f63d37877ad166041489a968233b57540f8456e8)