[3.11] gh-105375: Improve array.array exception handling (GH-105594) (#105643)

Fix a bug where 'tp_richcompare' could end up overwriting an exception.
(cherry picked from commit 35cff545db7c7912046c0ce5627db2e4d2b60f57)

Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend.aasland@protonmail.com>