[3.13] gh-150285: Fix too long docstrings in Argument Clinic code (GH-150338) (GH-150350) (GH-150473) (GH-150526)

(cherry picked from commit 49975a511fdfed2f6dd396c110fb915aedbda686)
(cherry picked from commit cf73b17adfd102a34a01efbad89a83dffdec2806)
(cherry picked from commit 287c98f4cb40c15d638651de4b29ae98b92589aa)