[3.13] gh-120974: Make _asyncio._leave_task atomic in the free-threaded build (GH-122139) (#122186)

gh-120974: Make _asyncio._leave_task atomic in the free-threaded build (GH-122139)

* gh-120974: Make _asyncio._leave_task atomic in the free-threaded build

Update `_PyDict_DelItemIf` to allow for an argument to be passed to the
predicate.
(cherry picked from commit a15feded71dd47202db169613effdafc468a8cf3)

Co-authored-by: Sam Gross <colesbury@gmail.com>