[3.14] gh-134262: Add retries to generate_sbom.py (GH-134460)

(cherry picked from commit 0c5a8b0b55238a45b9073d06a10c3a59568cdf3c)

Includes fix for off-by-one error from GH-134867
(cherry-picked from commit e64395e8eb8d3a9e35e3e534e87d427ff27ab0a5)

Co-authored-by: Emma Smith <emma@emmatyping.dev>
Co-authored-by: Semyon Moroz <donbarbos@proton.me>