[3.13] gh-76785: Expand How Interpreter Channels Handle Interpreter Finalization (gh-121811)

See 6b98b274b6 for an explanation of the problem and solution.  Here I've applied the solution to channels.

(cherry picked from commit 8b209fd4f8a9bf9603888bda2c44b5cfd4ebf47a, AKA gh-121805)

Co-authored-by: Eric Snow <ericsnowcurrently@gmail.com>