[3.12] gh-122478: Remove internal frames from tracebacks in REPL (GH-122528) (GH-122816)

Frames of methods in code and codeop modules was show with non-default
sys.excepthook.

Save correct tracebacks in sys.last_traceback and update __traceback__
attribute of sys.last_value and sys.last_exc.
(cherry picked from commit e73e7a7abdc3fed252affcb1629df1b3c8fff2ef)