[3.14] gh-116738: Make _heapq module thread-safe (GH-135036) (gh-135309)

Use critical sections to make heapq methods that update the heap thread-safe when the GIL is disabled.
(cherry picked from commit a58026a5e3da9ca2d09ef51aa90fe217f9a975ec)

Co-authored-by: Alper <alperyoney@fb.com>
Co-authored-by: mpage <mpage@meta.com>