[3.11] gh-109631: Allow interruption of short repeated regex matches (GH-109867) (GH-109885)

Counting for signal checking now continues in new match from the point where
it ended in the previous match instead of starting from 0.
(cherry picked from commit 8ac2085b80eca4d9b2a1093d0a7da020fd12e11a)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>