[3.12] gh-106033: Get rid of new occurrences of PyDict_GetItem and Py… (#106041)

[3.12] gh-106033: Get rid of new occurrences of PyDict_GetItem and PyObject_HasAttr (GH-106034)

These functions are broken by design because they discard any exceptions raised
inside, including MemoryError and KeyboardInterrupt.  They should not be
used in new code.
(cherry picked from commit 1d33d5378058671bfabb6f4d4b5bfd4726973ff9)