GH-91079: Rename C_RECURSION_LIMIT to Py_C_RECURSION_LIMIT (#108507)

Symbols of the C API should be prefixed by "Py_" to avoid conflict
with existing names in 3rd party C extensions on "#include <Python.h>".

test.pythoninfo now logs Py_C_RECURSION_LIMIT constant and other
_testcapi and _testinternalcapi constants.