[3.12] Bump various dependencies in `Doc/requirements-oldest-sphinx.txt` (GH-110278) (#110280)

Bump various dependencies in `Doc/requirements-oldest-sphinx.txt` (GH-110278)

This resolves a Dependabot security alert on the repository for urllib3==2.0.4.
(cherry picked from commit f1663a492e14c80c30cb9741fdc36fa221d5e30a)

Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood@Gmail.com>