[3.11] gh-101640: Make argparse _print_message catch any write error (GH-101802) (#104250)

gh-101640: Make argparse _print_message catch any write error (GH-101802)

* In particular, don't exit when trying to print to stderr = None.
* Add tests

(cherry picked from commit 42f54d1f9244784fec99e0610aa05a5051e594bb)

Co-authored-by: Oleg Iarygin <oleg@arhadthedev.net>
Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>