[3.11] gh-106368: Increase Argument Clinic test coverage (#106728) (#106731)

- improve output_parameter() coverage
- improve coverage for Function.kind

(cherry picked from commit ec45c513d389510930a62631a21a1dbb3f3aabb7)

Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend@python.org>

* Fix merge