[3.13] gh-104745: Limit starting a patcher more than once without stopping it (GH-126649) (#126772)

gh-104745: Limit starting a patcher more than once without stopping it (GH-126649)

Previously, this would cause an `AttributeError` if the patch stopped more than once after this, and would also disrupt the original patched object.

---------

(cherry picked from commit 1e40c5ba47780ddd91868abb3aa064f5ba3015e4)

Co-authored-by: Red4Ru <39802734+Red4Ru@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>