gh-105858: Improve AST node constructors (#105880)

Demonstration:

>>> ast.FunctionDef.__annotations__
{'name': <class 'str'>, 'args': <class 'ast.arguments'>, 'body': list[ast.stmt], 'decorator_list': list[ast.expr], 'returns': ast.expr | None, 'type_comment': str | None, 'type_params': list[ast.type_param]}
>>> ast.FunctionDef()
<stdin>:1: DeprecationWarning: FunctionDef.__init__ missing 1 required positional argument: 'name'. This will become an error in Python 3.15.
<stdin>:1: DeprecationWarning: FunctionDef.__init__ missing 1 required positional argument: 'args'. This will become an error in Python 3.15.
<ast.FunctionDef object at 0x101959460>
>>> node = ast.FunctionDef(name="foo", args=ast.arguments())
>>> node.decorator_list
[]
>>> ast.FunctionDef(whatever="you want", name="x", args=ast.arguments())
<stdin>:1: DeprecationWarning: FunctionDef.__init__ got an unexpected keyword argument 'whatever'. Support for arbitrary keyword arguments is deprecated and will be removed in Python 3.15.
<ast.FunctionDef object at 0x1019581f0>