Responsive containers (follow-up to #29095) (#29118)

* Follow-up to #29095

This PR fixes the responsive containers that were added in #29095, originally stubbed out in #25631. Apologies to @browner12 for getting that wrong.

Fixes #25631.

* update navbar as well because we cannot reset all containers uniformly

* Update navbars example to include container-xl example to ensure containers match

* rewrite responsive containers docs, add table of max-widths

* Update container docs
- Move table up to the intro
- Remove the container example because it's actually hella confusing
- Update and link to grid example as a demo instead