perf($compile): validate directive.restrict property on directive init

This allows the removal of try/catch from addDirective to avoid V8 deopt.

Previously the directive.restrict property was not validated. This would
potentially cause exceptions on each compilation of the directive
requiring a try/catch and potentially causing repeated errors.

New validation when directive.restrict is specified:
* must be a string
* must contain at least one valid character (E, A, C, M)

Cases which previously silently failed (now throw an error):
* values with an indexOf method (such as strings, arrays) which returned
 returned -1 for all valid restrict characters

Cases which previously worked unintentionally (now throw an error):
* arrays with single-character strings of valid restrict characters

PR (#13263)