[#9971] Gracefully error out in ETDump for set_debug_buffer (#10130)

## Summary
Following https://github.com/pytorch/executorch/issues/9971
Start with a relatively simple method. 

Update set_debug_bugffer. Use ET_CHECK_OR_RETURN_ERROR instead. 
If unable to pass error, update the return type as Result
Note: Not sure if InvalidArgument is a good one ( maybe memory not
allocated?). Please feel free to comment.
##Test
test/run_oss_cpp_tests.sh

@Gasoonjia @zhenyan-zhang-meta  Thanks